Coal-breaker.



M. H. MQTURK.

GOAL BREAKER. APPLICATION FILED 1111111 31,1912.

Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

W/WESSES."

THE MORRIS PETERS CO PHOTO LITHO WASHINU roN. DA cv MOR/TON H. MGTURK, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COAL-BREAKER.

Maasai,

Application filed May 31., 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, MORTON H. MCTURK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of' Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in Coal-Breakers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for breaking lumps of coal into smaller sizes and has for its object to accomplish this result and at the same time reduce the proportion of fine coal or coal dust that is incidentally produced in the breaking operation.

As is well known, the domestic sizes of coal are of greater tonnage value than the smaller steam sizes, and of much greater value than finely pulverized coal or coal dust, and it is therefore of importance to avoid, in the breaking operation, any action upon the coal except that to which it is subj ected in passing between the teeth of the rolls. ln one type of apparatus in common use, a pair of rolls, rotating at a high rate of speed, are arranged side by side and the lumps to be broken are dropped between the rolls from a nearly flat delivery chute terminating above the space between the rolls and the broken coal delivered to a chute beneath the rolls. In this apparatus, the coal is discharged with great force against the discharge chute at nearly right angles thereto, thereby chipping off a great quantity of fine particles. So, also, in delivering the lumps to the mouth of the rolls, a certain proportion thereof first strike the teeth of the forwardly disposed roll and are thus abraded before passing between the rolls, thereby still further increasing the production of fine particles.

lt is the object of my invention to feed all the coal directly to the mouth of the rolls and at a speed substantially the same as the peripheral speed of the rolls and to discharge the coal from the rolls in such manner as to avoid any shattering, chipping or pulverization. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, l arrange one roll above and in front of the other roll so that a line connecting the axes of the two rolls is substantially inclined to the vertical, while the direction of extension of the delivery chute is at a substantial angle to the horizontal and about at right angles to a line connect- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Bec. 22, 1914.

Serial No. 760,688.

ing the axes of the two rolls. The floor of the delivery end of the delivery chute is arranged so that its plane of extension extends between the two roll bodies and approximately through the pitch line of the teeth or perhaps slightly above the pitch line of the teeth of the lower rolls. In practice l have found that if the chute is about twenty-one feet in length and inclined about eight and one half inches to the foot, the coal will be delivered to the rolls at a speed of about 850 feet per minute or at about the desired peripheral speed of rotation of the rolls. The roll bodies may be about twenty inches in diameter and about thirty inches in length, and the teeth of the rolls may be about two inches in length and the roll bodies separated by a space of about three and a half inches, so that the pitch lines of the teeth of the two rolls will somewhat overlap. The above dimensions are illustrative only and need not be adhered to. ln fact it is desirable to vary somewhat the dimensions and arrangement in operating upon different sizes of lumps; and the size of the rolls and particularly the shape and size of the teeth must be varied with the sizes of coal to which it is desired to reduce the larger lumps. rlhe rolls per se, however, are not themselves novel, and the selection of the particular style and size of rolls and size and shape of teeth will be governed by conditions well understood by those skilled in the art. Although, as stated, the dimensions stated need not be adhered to, yet the stated inclination of the chute and its arrangement at approXimately a right angle to a line connecting the axis of the rolls should not be widely departed from to secure the maximum advantages of the invention. To this end the rolls should be so arranged that the aXis of the lower roll will be behind a vertical plane to the rear of the aXis of the upper roll and tangential to the periphery of its body, and the chute should be arranged, as above stated, at a sufficiently steep angle to insure the delivery of the coal to the rolls ata speed approximately equal to the` peripheral speed of the rolls. To receive the coal delivered from the chute l. arrange the receiving end of the discharge chute so that its floor extends substantially parallel to the floor of the delivery chute but in a lower plane. The angle of inclination of the chute is gradually lessened toward its forward end and preferably is curved so that its forward end extends in an upward direction, where it may be delivered directly or indirectly to screens or other sorting mechanisma It being necessary to locate the receiving end of the discharge chute a substantial distance in front of a line connecting the axes of the two rolls, I have found that if this end of the delivery chute is located in the same plane as the floor of the delivery chute, the momentum of the coal discharged from. the rolls is not suliicient to prevent a certain proportion of the coal from passing beneath the receiving end of the discharge chute; and further a certain amount of coal will. strike the upper edge of the discharge chute and produce more or less of the pulverizing action which it is the object of the invention to avoid. The arrangement of the receiving end of the discharge chute as shown and described, relatively to the delivery chute and the rolls, entirely avoids the action specified.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of the coal breaker; Fig. 2 is a plan view; and Fig. 3 is a side view of a modification.

The toothed breaking rolls a and b are both preferably adjustably supported in bearings c. The upper roll Z) is arranged in advance of the lower roll a. rlhe shafts of the rolls are geared together by means of the gears CZ and c, so that they will both travel in opposite directions at the same speed.

f is the delivery chute, supported in any suitable manner, as by a frame-work g.

it is the discharge chute.

As the coal travels down the chute f, it acquires such momentum, due to the pronounced angle of inclination, that when it reaches the mouth of the rolls, it is traveling at a speed about equal to the peripheral speed of the rolls a and b. A plane projected from the Hoor of the delivery end of the delivery chute f extends between the roll bodies, preferably slightly closer to the upper roll body than to the lower roll body, so that the momentum of the coal, modified slightly by the force of gravity operative upon the lumps as they leave the front edge of the chute, will carry the coal initially directly between the opposing sets of teeth, thus avoiding preliminary contact with one set of teeth only. The fact that the speed of the entering coal is substantially the same as the peripheral speed of the rolls makes it unnecessary for the rolls to overcome any inertia of the material acted upon, so that Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the the rolls perform their breaking action immediately and quickly and without any pulverizing action upon the coal except to the limited extent that is inevitable in the breaking of coal. As the coal is delivered to the discharge chute 7L it strikes it at a very slight angle, thus largely eliminating further breakage after discharge from the rolls. Although at the time of discharge the coal is traveling at a high speed, the longitudinally yconceived shape of the chute causes the speed of the coal to gradually diminish.

Instead of delivering the coal directly upon a discharge chute 71 it may be delivered into a tank z' containing a body of liquid, preferably water; the liquid also serving' to gradually reduce the speed of the coal, and more particularly acting to break the force of discharge of the coal, thus preventing any chipping or pulverization. In the tank z is a belt or other conveyer j, by means of which the coal is carried out of the tank to its desired destination.

By means of the above process and apparatus, not only is a great saving effected by the reduction in the percentage of finely divided coal produced, but a substantially greater tonnage of coal may be treated in a given time.

While the machine above described is more particularly intended for operating upon coal, and is especially adapted for the handling of coal, I do not wish to be understood as limiting my invention so as to exclude the use` of my machine to ores and other materials.

l-Iaving now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to Letters Patent is:

In an apparatus for breaking coal, the combination of a pair of rolls, one above and in advance of the other, each comprising a roll body and teeth projecting there- 105 from, an inclined delivery chute whose terminus is directly opposite the mouth of the rolls and has a fixed bottom which extends in a plane extending between the roll bodies, and a discharge chute in front of 110 the rolls and whose receiving end extends in a plane beneath the plane of the terminus of the delivery chute.

In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on 115 this 27th day of May, 1912.

MORTON I-I. MGTURK.

Witnesses:

M. M. HAMILTON, v l E. E. WALL. I

i Commissioner of Eatenta, t

Washington, D. C,

protect by 

